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Novel lung phantom mimicking pulmonary optical properties may enable air volume assessment

Take a nice, deep breath. Now imagine your lungs: myriad airways like branches, each with tiny alveoli like leaves. This alveolar structure is key to the absorption of oxygen and excretion of carbon dioxide that we call "breath."

2 Nov 2021

Consecutive irradiation with two lasers results in increased stem cell proliferation and differentiation

Stem cell therapy needs a lot of human cells, of a specific type. Shining a near-infrared laser on adult stem cells derived from human body fat, makes the stem cells replicate 54% faster.

27 Oct 2021

Genetic secrets of stress-tolerant mangrove trees revealed

Mangrove trees straddle the boundary between land and ocean, in harsh environments characterized by rapidly changing levels of salinity and low oxygen.

26 Oct 2021

Stem cell therapy for heart disease enhanced with protein from fetal heart

The human heart, upon aging, slowly loses its capability to repair itself after injury. Damage caused by injuries like heart attack and cardiac ischemia—linked to decreased oxygen levels in the heart—can result in below normal capacity of heart functioning, making it tough for the patients to carry out daily activities.

25 Oct 2021

New study helps figure out how agricultural runoff contributes to global warming

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas, with 300 times the warming ability of carbon dioxide. Due to fertilizer runoff from farm fields, an increasing load of nitrogen is washing into rivers and streams, where nitrogen-breathing microbes break some of the fertilizer down into N2O, which the river releases into the atmosphere as it tumbles toward the ocean.

20 Oct 2021

Researchers use photosynthetic microbes as an oxygen source for nerve cells

Each second, the nerve cells in the brain process numerous signals. And the energy needed to carry out these tasks is mostly generated by aerobic metabolism—the reason why the brain needs a constant supply of oxygen.

15 Oct 2021

Study: Sex matters when it comes to susceptibility to infections and other health conditions

A University of Alberta-led study shows that when it comes to susceptibility to infections and other health conditions, sex matters.

13 Oct 2021

Novel cost-effective model helps ascertain the origin of food

Botanists from the University of Basel recently created a model that can be employed to ascertain the origin of food effectively in a cost-effective manner.

13 Oct 2021

New insight into basics of soil carbon

You may have heard a lot about soil carbon, "storing" carbon in soil, or "carbon markets." The October 1st Soils Matter blog discusses the basics of soil carbon, and why it's an important topic.

7 Oct 2021

Study provides novel insights into the breakdown of carminic acid

Carminic acid (a natural red dye extracted from insects) is extensively used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries globally

7 Oct 2021

High levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in liver cells linked to hepatitis C virus resistance

Hepatitis C virus thrives in humans for years, damaging the liver by causing chronic inflammation, eventually resulting in cirrhosis and liver cancer.

4 Oct 2021

Scientists find two proteins that pair up to build lifelines to cancer cells

In human cancer cell and mouse studies, researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine have found that a set of proteins work in tandem to build supply lines that deliver oxygen and nutrients to tumors, enabling them to survive and grow.

21 Sep 2021

Low oxygen conditions are pushing fish species out of their optimal habitats, finds study

Fish can drown. While it may not seem like it, fish do require oxygen to breathe; it's just that they get what they need from the oxygen dissolved in water rather than in the air.

17 Sep 2021

Scientists discover a new enzymatic complex that can halt cells from aging

Researchers at Université de Montréal and McGill University have discovered a new multi-enzyme complex that reprograms metabolism and overcomes “cellular senescence,” when aging cells stop dividing.

17 Sep 2021

Study unravels the DNA repair mechanism by enzymes

A new study by researchers from the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology in the Republic of Korea has revealed the mechanism of DNA repair by enzymes exonuclease III and polymerase I by utilizing single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET)-enabled dynamic observation.

14 Sep 2021

Newly identified antibacterial mechanism could inspire novel strategies to combat bacterial pathogens

Similar to how a spider traps its prey, the cells of the human immune system cooperate to trap and “eat” bacteria.

14 Sep 2021

Study reveals how autoimmune antibodies can predict severe cases of COVID-19

The presence of special immune system defense molecules, called autoimmune antibodies, has been strongly tied to how poorly people fare when hospitalized with COVID-19, a new study shows.

From New York University (NYU) 9 Sep 2021

Scientists identify the genes required for the biosynthesis of carthamin

Carthamin is a red pigment that stems from the yellow-orange corollas of safflower. Its usage as a red colorant can be traced back to ancient Egypt. In Japan it is named "beni" and has been used for dyeing textiles, coloring cosmetics and food, and as an herbal medicine for over 1400 years.

6 Sep 2021

Family of naturally occurring proteins shows promise for treating ischemic stroke

Boosting a family of naturally occurring proteins that dampens inflammation in the body has been shown to be effective in reducing damage from an ischemic stroke, according to preclinical researchers at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.

2 Sep 2021

Transforming cow manure into an ecologically friendly biochar fertilizer

Cow manure – a longtime agricultural waste headache for dairy farmers – soon may ignite a new sustainable fertilizing trend.

31 Aug 2021