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High ozone concentrations decrease crop yield in maize

Although stratospheric ozone protects us by filtering out the sun's ultraviolet radiation, tropospheric ozone is a harmful pollutant. A new study has shown that ozone in the lower layers of the atmosphere decreases crop yields in maize and changes the types of chemicals that are found inside the leaves.

7 Apr 2021

Researchers use single-cell RNA sequencing to study the development of leaves

How do we become a complex, integrated multicellular organism from a single cell? While developmental biologists have long researched this fundamental question, Stanford University biologist and HHMI investigator Dominique Bergmann's recent work on the plant Arabidopsis thaliana has uncovered surprising answers.

6 Apr 2021

Targeting epigenetic mechanisms to advance pharmacological treatments for alcoholism

Abusive alcohol drinking considerably impacts human health. Alcoholism, better defined as Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD), includes a group of pathological entities related to alcohol-induced damage.

1 Apr 2021

Plants use signaling molecule to regulate their water balance

During drought conditions, plants utilize a signaling molecule known from animals to reduce their water loss.

31 Mar 2021

Key molecule determines the pathogenesis of lupus

A new research work, published in JCI, has discovered that the endoplasmic reticulum of a neutrophil becomes stressed in the autoimmune disorder lupus.

29 Mar 2021

Specific genes play key roles in response to water stress across bioenergy grass species

The Miscanthus genus of grasses, commonly used to add movement and texture to gardens, could quickly become the first choice for biofuel production. A new study shows these grasses can be grown in lower agricultural grade conditions - such as marginal land - due to their remarkable resilience and photosynthetic capacity at low temperatures.

26 Mar 2021

Study of leaf size in grasses can help accurately model the effects of climate change

One-third of the Earth's surface is covered by more than 11,000 grass species -- including crops like wheat, corn, rice and sugar cane that account for the bulk of the world's agricultural food production and important biofuels. But grass is so common that few people realize how diverse and important it really is.

26 Mar 2021

Stem cell therapy could help restore debilitating muscle loss that happens with age

As the name implies, induced pluripotent stem cells can become any type of cell in our body, and scientists have evidence that when they prompt them to become muscle progenitor cells they can help restore the sometimes debilitating muscle loss that happens with age.

24 Mar 2021

Study maps structure, mechanism of membrane enzyme that has a role in chronic inflammation, cancer

A majority of the drugs work through the membranes surrounding the cells of the body.

22 Mar 2021

New technique based on AI can automate and streamline seed quality analysis

In Brazil, researchers affiliated with the Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA) and the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), both part of the University of São Paulo (USP), have developed a methodology based on artificial intelligence to automate and streamline seed quality analysis, a process required by law and currently done manually by analysts accredited with the Ministry of Agriculture.

22 Mar 2021

Marine heatwaves strongly impact the functioning of coraligen in the Mediterranean

Marine heatwaves are dramatically affecting the marine ecosystems of the world and the Mediterranean is no exception. In the Mediterranean, these extreme climate episodes and its resulting massive mortality of species are getting more and more intense and frequent.

From University of Barcelona 19 Mar 2021

Collective behavior of bacterial swarms may lead to the emergence of antibiotic resistance

A new study shows that the bacterial equivalent of a traffic jam leads to the formation of multilayered biofilms in the presence of antibiotics.

17 Mar 2021

Four strains of Methylobacteriaceae discovered

The latest discovery aboard the International Space Station could now enable scientists to develop the “fuel” to help plants endure such stressful conditions.

From NASA 17 Mar 2021

Study offers fresh insights into infection process during spaceflight

Astronauts face many challenges to their health, due to the exceptional conditions of spaceflight. Among these are a variety of infectious microbes that can attack their suppressed immune systems.

10 Mar 2021

Study identifies genes responsible for peach's tolerance to stress

A Boyce Thompson Institute-led team has identified genes enabling peaches and their wild relatives to tolerate stressful conditions -- findings that could help the domesticated peach adapt to climate change.

10 Mar 2021

Regenerating bone marrow after chemotherapy

In this interview, AZoLifeSciences speaks to Professor Masaru Ishii about his latest research that investigated how bone marrow regenerates after chemotherapy.

From Osaka University 10 Mar 2021

Psychoactive component of marijuana stays in breast milk for up to six weeks, study finds

In a new study published in JAMA Pediatrics, researchers at Children's Hospital Colorado have found that tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component of marijuana, stays in breast milk for up to six weeks, further supporting the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine to abstain from marijuana use during pregnancy and while a mother is breastfeeding.

9 Mar 2021