Human physiology is the science of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of humans in good health, their organs, and the cells of which they are composed. The principal level of focus of physiology is at the level of organs and systems. Most aspects of human physiology are closely homologous to corresponding aspects of animal physiology, and animal experimentation has provided much of the foundation of physiological knowledge. Anatomy and physiology are closely related fields of study: anatomy, the study of form, and physiology, the study of function, are intrinsically tied and are studied in tandem as part of a medical curriculum.
The historically high heat waves that gripped the southwest United States and southern Europe this summer are causing problems for more than just humans.
Researchers have developed a synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) that can facilitate the development of a miniature endometrium in a dish for at least two weeks.
Tumor cells are known to be fickle sleeper agents, often lying dormant in distant tissues for years before reactivating and forming metastasis. Numerous factors have been studied to understand why the activation occurs, from cells and molecules to other components in the so-called tissue microenvironment.
Bacteria make up more than 10% of all living things but until recently we had little realization that, as in humans, soil bacteria have internal clocks that synchronize their activities with the 24-hour cycles of day and night on Earth.
Indiana University researcher Daniella Chusyd is studying human aging in an unlikely way: through elephants.
Gastrointestinal and digestive issues impact roughly 3 million people across the United States alone, and that number is growing.
Right from impacting how the human body stores fat to how the brain regulates appetite, hundreds of genes, together with environmental factors, jointly identify weight and body size.
In a step forward in the development of genetic medicines, researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a proof-of-concept model for delivering gene editing tools to treat blood disorders, allowing for the modification of diseased blood cells directly within the body.
Animals and humans coexist with a vast array of microorganisms known as the microbiome, forming an intricate relationship that can range from mutually beneficial to pathogenic.
Even though infections can be presented with several different symptoms, one common symptom is known to be the loss of fat and muscle, a process known as wasting.
The energy supply in the body has been regulated by the pancreas, located behind the stomach. This mechanism happens by secreting proteins (enzymes) accountable for glucose–the body’s primary fuel–reaching other organs when needed and in the exact amount.
Plant geneticists have identified a mutation in a gene that causes the "weeping" architecture – branches growing downwards – in apple trees, a finding that could improve orchard fruit production.
The unborn baby “remote controls” its mother’s metabolism, resulting in a nutritional tug-of-war between the two. The mother’s body requires the baby to survive, but she also needs enough glucose and fats in her system to be able to deliver the baby, breastfeed, and reproduce again.
UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers have identified a gene called Lipe that appears to be pivotal to retinal health, with mutations spurring immune activation and retinal degeneration.
Nitric oxide (NO) is a central molecule in the global cycling of nitrogen, and also toxic. Little is known about if and how microbes can use NO as a substrate for growth.
Until recently, scientific evidence on the ability of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID, to replicate in the human placenta has been inconclusive.
A study of the genetic variation that makes mice more susceptible to bowel inflammation after a high-fat diet has identified candidate genes which may drive inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans.
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)’s photoperiodically controlled flowering and circadian pathways are primarily regulated by CONSTANS (CO), a well-known B-box family member.
According to new research, wild birds living in vineyards are more vulnerable to triazole fungicide contamination than other agricultural landscapes.
Increasing opportunities for up-close encounters with sharks and other animals are making wildlife tourism one of the fastest growing tourism sectors – leading Australian ecology experts to venture to one of the world’s main sites to investigate the effects of tourism on endangered whale sharks.
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