Study Finds Key Mechanism Behind Plasma Cell Migration for Lasting Immunity

Vaccine effectiveness relies on creating a strong antibody response that can be reactivated to fight future infections. Now, researchers from Japan report that antibody-producing cells are destined for longevity from the moment they are born.

In a recent study published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, a multi-institutional research team led by Osaka University reveals that a key cell population involved in long-term immunity to infection is programmed early in its lifecycle to travel to protected sites in the body.

Plasma cells originate in lymphoid (immune) tissues and then migrate to protected sites throughout the body, where they produce large amounts of antibodies in response to infection-related substances. Long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs), which are important for protection from reinfection, are thought to migrate specifically to the bone marrow.

The importance of LLPCs to immunity is well known. However, it is unclear how plasma cells generated in lymphoid tissues migrate to the bone marrow, where they can survive for a long time."

Wataru Ise, lead author of the study

To investigate this, the researchers looked at the different types of proteins expressed by plasma cells that had just been produced by lymphoid tissues compared with the proteins expressed by plasma cells that successfully made it to the bone marrow.

"The results were very clear," explains Tomohiro Kurosaki, senior author. "We found that high expression of a single protein called integrin β7 was an excellent marker for plasma cells migrating to the bone marrow."

When the researchers explored how integrin β7hi cells could home to the right location, they found that these cells also express high levels of the transcription factor KLF2, which prompts them to move out of lymphoid tissue and into the blood. Importantly, decreased expression of the gene encoding KLF2 or its target S1pr1, reduced the ability of mice to develop resistance to flu.

"Our findings show that the migration program of plasma cells is established in their tissue of origin and plays a critical role in determining the durability of the antibody response," says Ise.

Given that a durable antibody response is key to vaccine effectiveness, the findings from this study could be used to improve vaccines. Promoting plasma cell migration to and survival in protected sites like the bone marrow could mean establishing lasting immunity to dangerous infections.

Source:
Journal reference:

Ise, W., et al. (2025). KLF2 expression in IgG plasma cells at their induction site regulates the migration program. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. doi.org/10.1084/jem.20241019.

Comments

The opinions expressed here are the views of the writer and do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions of AZoLifeSciences.
Post a new comment
Post

While we only use edited and approved content for Azthena answers, it may on occasions provide incorrect responses. Please confirm any data provided with the related suppliers or authors. We do not provide medical advice, if you search for medical information you must always consult a medical professional before acting on any information provided.

Your questions, but not your email details will be shared with OpenAI and retained for 30 days in accordance with their privacy principles.

Please do not ask questions that use sensitive or confidential information.

Read the full Terms & Conditions.

You might also like...
Investigating Ubiquitination's Role in Cancer Stem Cell Regulation