Genomics

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Bacterial Protein Utilizes DNA for Target Recognition and Plasmid Elimination

Scientists who have described in a new study the step-by-step details of a bacterial defense strategy see the mechanism as a promising platform for development of a new genome-editing method.

30 Aug 2024

Comparative Genomics Identifies a Novel Gene Involved in Spider Patterning

An ancient gene is crucial for the development of the distinctive waist that divides the spider body plan in two, according to a study publishing August 29th in the open-access journal PLOS Biology by Emily Setton from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, US, and colleagues.

30 Aug 2024

The Influence of 'Silent' Mutations on Genetic Disorders

Genetic disorders -; like cystic fibrosis and Huntington's disease -; are considered incurable, with gene mutations occurring in essentially every cell of the body.

29 Aug 2024

Clock Genes Drive Evolutionary Split in Two Moth Species

Investigating moth speciation, this research highlights the impact of clock genes on behavior, providing a rare glimpse into evolutionary processes.

28 Aug 2024

Stem Cell Research Sheds Light on Rare Pediatric Condition

Scientists have identified mutations in the DENND5A gene that cause severe neurodevelopmental issues in infants, leading to improper brain cell division during development.

28 Aug 2024

Nile Grass Rats Become New Model for CRISPR Genome Editing

A team of researchers at Michigan State University has discovered a set of methods that enabled the first successful CRISPR-based genome editing in Nile grass rats.

27 Aug 2024

Rare CCDC201 Genotype Significantly Affects Menopause Onset in Women

Scientists at deCODE genetics and collaborators, have identified a sequence variant in the CCDC201 gene that when inherited from both parents homozygous causes menopause on average nine years earlier.

27 Aug 2024

New Discovery in Mitochondrial DNA Regulation May Halt Heritable Disease Onset

University of Queensland researchers have discovered a mechanism in DNA that regulates how disease-causing mutations are inherited.

23 Aug 2024

The Complex Link Between DNA Modification and ALS

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease which remains incurable. The disease is characterized by the selective degeneration of upper motor neurons in the motor cortex as well as the lower motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord. The cause of ALS remains unknown in 90 percent of cases, which are referred to as sporadic ALS because there is no family history for the disease. Cumulative evidence suggests that sporadic ALS may result from complex interactions between genetic susceptibility and aging.

23 Aug 2024

The Role of DNA Repair Pathways in Antibody Somatic Hypermutation

In a recent online publication in SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences, researchers from the laboratory of Leng-Siew Yeap at the Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine published a review article entitled "Molecular Mechanisms of DNA Lesion and Repair During Antibody Somatic Hypermutation". This review comprehensively summarizes the mechanisms involved in the generation of antigen-specific diversified antibodies, with a particular focus on the mechanisms that generate high-frequency point mutations and low-frequency deletions and insertions (indels) in antibody genes.

22 Aug 2024

Breakthrough Discovery in DNA Spatial Grammar Could Reshape Gene Activity Studies

A newly discovered code within DNA – coined "spatial grammar" – holds a key to understanding how gene activity is encoded in the human genome.

21 Aug 2024

Discovery of Ancient Stem Cells in Sea Anemones Offers Clues to Immortality and Regeneration

The sea anemone Nematostella vectensis is potentially immortal. Using molecular genetic methods, developmental biologists led by Ulrich Technau from the University of Vienna have now identified possible candidates for multipotent stem cells in the sea anemone for the first time.

20 Aug 2024

Chloroplast Genome Research Enhances Identification and Breeding of Tea-Oil Camellia Species

A research team sequenced and analyzed the complete chloroplast genomes of C. oleifera and C. meiocarpa, uncovering significant differences that clarified their phylogenetic relationship.

20 Aug 2024

Advancing Cardiovascular Drug Discovery: Translational Framework Leverages Genetic and Proteomic Insights

A validated framework to translate these recent advances in genoproteomics into clinical applications in cardiovascular drug development.

19 Aug 2024

Genetic Mapping of Lyme Disease Bacteria Offers New Diagnostic and Treatment Possibilities

A genetic analysis of Lyme disease bacteria may pave the way for improved diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the tick-borne ailment.

19 Aug 2024

Global Effort Maps Genetic Makeup of Lyme Disease Bacteria

A team led by CUNY Graduate Center biologists has produced a genetic analysis of Lyme disease bacteria that may pave the way for improved diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the tick-borne ailment.

16 Aug 2024

Two Genes Control Explosive Taste Bud Growth in Cavefish

Over thousands of years, cavefish evolved and lost their vision, earning the moniker "the blind cavefish," but some cavefish also developed an inordinate number of taste buds on the head and chin.

16 Aug 2024

Astrocytes Emerge as Key Players in Brain Health and Development

Researchers at the Mechanobiology Institute (MBI) at the National University of Singapore (NUS) and Duke-NUS Medical School have uncovered a novel mechanism for reawakening dormant neural stem cells, which may lead to the development of new treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders like autism, cerebral palsy, and learning disabilities.

14 Aug 2024

Study Reveals Mechanisms Behind Lineage Restriction in Cell Development

A team of researchers from multiple institutions including the University of Chicago and VectorBuilder, has made a significant breakthrough in the understanding of lineage restriction, a biological phenomenon foundational to multicellular lifeforms as it secures the functional identities of the myriad cell types in the body.

14 Aug 2024

Advancing Genome Visualization with CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Live Cells

Understanding the spatiotemporal organization of the genome in the nucleus is crucial for advancing our knowledge of chromatin structure and its functional dynamics in both normal and diseased states.

13 Aug 2024